The State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, managed by the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, was approved and accepted by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2011 and 2013. The laboratory was founded in 1983 with an initial focus on atom and molecule studies. The founding father of the "2 bombs and 1 satellite", Daheng Wang, was the first director. In 2001. The lab soon became a key laboratory of the Ministry of Education, and its research was expanded to atomic and molecular physics and nanoscience. In 2007, the laboratory changed its name to The State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics.

        The lab is based on the Ministry of Education’s Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, integrating existing expertise from related areas within Tsinghua. With low-dimensional quantum physics as the research focus, the lab conducts research at the forefront of major science and technology issues. The lab focuses on the four main areas: "Fabrication of low dimensional quantum systems and materials", "Methods and techniques of precision measurements under extreme conditions", "Novel quantum phenomena of low-dimensional and nano/quantum-confined systems", and "Development of the fundamental theory and design of low dimensional quantum systems".

        The lab director is Professor Yayu Wang and the academic advisory board director is academician Ze Zhang. Currently there are 55 members of the lab including 8 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 member of “1000 Talent Programme”, 10 members of the Ministry of Education Cheung Kong Scholars and 12 NSFC Distinguished Young Scholars. So far, members below the age of 50 have published more than 100 papers in the most influential physics journal, Physical Review Letters, which were cited more than 20,000 times combined.

       The lab has also constructed 6 research platforms: "Precision Quantum Transport", "Precision Optical Measurement", "Scanning Tunneling Microscope", "Material Growth and Micro-fabrication", "Theory and Numerical Simulation Center", and "Superconducting Technology R&D Center". These platforms are equipped with more than 10 advanced, large-scale instruments that can detect and measure the physical characteristics and properties of materials, more than 10 large materials growth systems, and a computer cluster system for theoretical calculations and simulations.

       With the excellent foundation of our personnel and state-of-the-art laboratory equipment, the lab has recently undertaken many projects from the "863" and "973" research plans,projects from the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), among others, , achieving a series of results that have international influence. The Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect and our research in Topological Insulators have attracted worldwide attention. The lab is currently focused on major scientific problems and issues in the field of low-dimensional quantum physics. It is becoming an international academic paradise that researchers favor and students aspire to join, and continues to serve as an important base for quantum physics research and personnel training.